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Teaching > RWU
HP175 Documentation (Spring 2003) >
Assignments — Spring 2003
Introduction • Checklist
and Schedule — Assignment Number • Checklist
and Schedule — Assignment Due Date • Descriptions
Introduction [top]
Assignments have been developed for HP175 Historic Building
Documentation for the Historic Preservation Program, School
of Architecture, Art & Historic Preservation, Roger Williams
University. Typically, the assignments refer to other interrelated
— yet stand-alone — resources on the Web and additional
reading and resources.
Checklist and Schedule — Assignment Due Date
Note: Assignments do not include reading for classes, with
the exception of week one. Refer to schedule
for weekly reading.
Descriptions
1 Heritage Recording
Overview of course and Web site, including links. Read:
- Burns, John A. Recording Historic Structures: Historic
American Building Survey, Historic American Engineering Record.
Washington, DC: The American Institute of Architects Press,
1989, pp.1-69. On reserve in the RWU Architecture Library.
- Overview of Heritage
Recording Subjects on Web.
APT Bulletin XXII, cited below, is on reserve in the
RWU Architecture Library.
- Blumenson, John and Jill Taylor. Guidelines for the Recording
of Heritage Buildings, APT Bulletin XXII, No.1/2,
1990, pp.109-116.
- Jamieson, Walter. Recording the Historic Urban Environment:
A New Challenge, APT Bulletin XXII, No.1/2, 1990,
pp.12-16.
- Kapsch, Robert J. HABS/HAER: A User's Guide, APT
Bulletin XXII, No.1/2, 1990, pp.22-34.
- Letellier, Robin. ICOMOS Canada's Recording and Documentation
Committee, APT Bulletin XXII, No.1/2, 1990, pp.93-96.
- Stovel, Herb. Heritage Recording: Growth of a Profession,
APT Bulletin XXII, No.1/2, 1990, pp.5-8.
2 Architectural Elements and Construction
Refer to Elements
for vocabulary. Using your sketch book, develop labeled sketches
of each architectural element viewed in class during the slide
lecture. Cite source of any illustration from a publication.
Locate site by name and address.
- Add construction systems reading
3 Classical Orders
Refer to Classical
Orders for vocabulary. Refer to The American Vignola
by Ware, and others [on reserve in RWU Architecture Library].
Be prepared to identify the elements listed below. You will
be given an in-class test on this material, using photographs
of architectural elements. Make study sketches to be
used as test notes and to be handed in.
4 Architectural Sourcebooks and Other Publications [top]
Assignment: Locate a building (or a detail on a building)
in Bristol (or elsewhere) that is based on a design illustrated
in a historic architectural sourcebook or similar publication.
By preparing field measurements (or detailed, neat field sketches),
and careful inspection of the period illustration(s), undertake
a comparative, written analysis of the source image and the
resulting construction. Hand in your written analysis, graphic
records and a copy of the historic illustration(s); cite references
and locate the site (building). Read Architectural
Sourcebooks and Other Publications.
Discussion: Architectural
Sourcebooks and Other Publications includes a partial list
of the most important publications that were used as references
for architectural design and building construction. As preservationists
and design professionals — and as a heritage recorders
— it is important to be able to recognize the design source
of both 'high-style' and vernacular structures. Reference to
these publications does much to help you reach this goal.
Since the mid-18th century most architectural construction
has based on direct reference to published sources, rather than
crafts tradition or the direct influence of other structures.
So being familiar with these sources, their availability to
period craftspeople and designers, and their use is critical
to understanding — and recording — our heritage.
The resources below will be discussed to help you understand
the importance of these publications; start a reference collection
of your own; know how to research and locate original publications
in collections, and how to use those collections; and know how
to use these sources in field work — during research, documentation,
analysis, and project development.
Copies of several source publications will be brought into
class for a brief inspection. For your more detailed perusal,
some will be placed on reserve in the RWU School of Architecture
library, which also has the "Hitchcock" microfilm archives that
include reproductions of many period books. Some of the most
important books have been reprinted by Dover Publications (and
other publishers) and are available at a reasonable cost. But,
to fully appreciate these publications, they must be taken on
site to examine the results of their use.
Peruse the Hitchcock collection, with reference to its index,
Index to the Microfilm Edition of American Architecture Books,
New Haven, Connecticut: Research Publications, Inc., 1973. (Based
on the Henry-Russell Hitchcock bibliography of the same title
and "A List of Architectural Books Available in America Before
the Revolution: by Helen Park), compiled by Julie K Ellison.
In reference section of the RWU Architecture Library, both as
microfilm on south wall, and as index on reference shelf, REF
Z.5944.U5.E44.
The class will include a analysis and discussion of how Peter
Harrison ("America's first architect" — in part because
he was able to use these source books to full advantage) employed
early English publications (on classical Roman architecture)
to design and construct several nationally important mid-18th-century
Georgian buildings in Newport: Redwood Library, Touro Synagogue,
Brick Market, to name a few. We will reference the exhibit catalogue
developed by Frederick Schroeder (RWU HP '96) for an exhibit
he curated (as his senior project) at Redwood Library &
Athenaeum entitled 'Vitruvius
Americanus: Colonial Newport in the Palladian Tradition,'
funded in part by the Rhode Island Committee for the Humanities,
an affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities.
We will also consider the use of some mid-19th-century sources
for the design and construction of Federal, Greek Revival, picturesque,
and classical revival structures around Bristol.
5 Written: Survey
Develop a brief, one paragraph, written architectural description
of the exterior of several buildings along a Bristol street,
which you will be assigned. Include two photographs, described
in Assignment 6 Photographic:
Survey. Develop your own one-page survey form (in Word®,
WordPerfect®, Pagemaker®, Quark®, database form,
HTML, etc.).
Read and reference the following (in addition to whatever
other resources you may wish to use):
- Historical and Architectural Resources of Bristol, Rhode
Island. Providence, Rhode Island: Rhode Island Historical
Preservation Commission, 1990. (Available on reserve in RWU
Architecture Library)
- NPS binder of Statewide Survey Forms (Available on
reserve in RWU Architecture Library)
- McAlester, Virginia and Lee. A Field Guide to American
Houses, Knopf, 1985 [see Styles
Reading]
- Statewide
Survey and Planning
- Architectural
Elements
6 Photographic: Survey
Assignment: Take at least two exterior photographs (4"x6"
color prints or digital) of each of the structures surveyed
for Assignment 5 Written:
Survey, as well as at least two photographs of the streetscape,
or greater environment. Place photographs, with proper identification,
in archival sheets, along with negatives and a field record
of each photograph taken.
Read:
7 Written: National Register - descriptions, Bristol sites
Read each of the NR descriptions provided from Bristol and
visit the sites to gain a better understanding of the context,
process and techniques employed in preparing such descriptions.
Consider the National Register of Historic Places in overview,
as documentation of historic sites nationwide, and--by example--as
an introduction to undertaking research for a nomination
as described in "How
to Complete the National Register Registration Form" (National
Register Bulletin 16A) and, specifically, preparing a written
architectural description.
(While the 'statement of significance' is very important to
the nomination, its discussion is beyond the scope of this assignment.)
The National
Register Information System includes a database
that allows a state or state/county search, which includes 80,000
places. For example, a search of Bristol County, Rhode Island
will display all National Register places listed individually
and as part of a district (and, in other cases, as multiple
resource listings).
National Conference of State
Preservation Officers (NCSHPO) represents the state, territory
[tribal
here on NPS site] preservation offices. Several do not have
Web sites. National Register nominations for listed places usually
may be obtained from a staff member in charge of the National
Register program.
State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPO) — New England
Find SHPOs at: http://epreservation.net/Resources/People_&_Places/
NR nominations are most helpful as part of an integrated resources
management scheme, rather than as stand-alone information. One
of the best examples of a SHPO integrating NR nominations into
a dynamic, graphic-oriented database on the Internet can be
found in the Texas Historic
Commission's Texas
Historic Sites Atlas, that includes many maps.
Typically, the NR nomination form for properties has not been
included by the NPS.
National Register Properties and Districts in Bristol, Rhode
Island
| Place |
Present Owner or Contact |
Access
Status |
Address |
Nominated |
NR Reference |
| Blithewold |
Blithewold House & Arboretum |
Museum
scheduled hours |
Ferry Road |
06/27/1980 |
80000074 |
| Bristol County Courthouse |
Town of Bristol |
|
High Street |
04/28/1970 |
70000011 |
| Bristol
County Jail |
Bristol Historical Society |
|
48 Court Street |
04/24/1973 |
73000048 |
| Bristol
Customshouse and Post Office |
|
|
420--448 Hope Street |
05/31/1972 |
72000015 |
| Bristol Ferry Lighthouse |
|
NA |
Ferry Road |
02/25/1988 |
Lighthouses
TR 87001696 |
| Bristol Waterfront Historic District |
Multiple properties |
NA |
Bristol Harbor to E side of Wood St. as far
N as Washington St. and S to Walker Cove |
03/18/1975 |
75000053 |
| Church,
Benjamin, House |
|
|
1014 Hope Street |
09/22/1971 |
71000011 |
| Bristol Hog Island Shoal Lighthouse |
|
|
E passage,
Narrangansett Bay S of Hog Island |
03/30/1988 |
Lighthouses
TR 88000282 |
| Longfield |
NA |
Private:
no access |
1200 Hope Street |
07/17/1972 |
72000016 |
| Mount Hope Bridge |
|
Public: car or bike |
Rt. 114 over Narragansett Bay |
01/31/1976 |
76000038 |
| Mount Hope Farm |
|
|
Metacom Avenue |
05/02/1977 |
77000023 |
8 Photography: National Register property
Employ your research skills to locate a good example of a
National Register nomination for a property individually listed
(not part of a district or multiple resource listing), which
will be visited. Properties can be found in the National
Register Information System database. (Consider a nearby
property, or one in your hometown.) Obtain a copy the National
Register nomination form from the State Historic Preservation
Office.
Read Ames, David L. "A
Primer on Architectural Photography and the Photo Documentation
of Historic Structures."
Conduct a site visit and take color photographs (at least
one roll, 36 exposures, 4"x6" color prints; or digital
color printouts) to illustrate the house (exterior, interior,
and site), with reference to the NR description. (Note: as an
option, you may use black-and-white film, develop your negatives,
and make prints — at least ten, 5"x7"using the RWU School
of Architecture Photographic Studio and Darkroom.) You will
need a tripod and lighting for interior photography.
Hand in NR description, retyped on disk in WordPerfect®
or Word®, or in HTML formal with parenthetical reference
to select images (at least ten photographs) to best relate the
written description to your photographs. Submit the retyped
description by email, hand in hard copy of your retyped description
(proof read), and photocopy of complete NR nomination as provided
by the SHPO. Include color prints in archival sheets, labeled
(see Assignment
#14).
9 Casual repeat photography, analysis [top]
Assignment: Using at least two historic or historical photographs
of a site and one contemporary photography (4"x6" color print,
or larger) as pictorial evidence, undertake a detailed analysis
of the evolution, with specific references to changes, their
'relative date' (see Harris, below), and the more 'absolute'
date based on style, technology, and other cultural and physical
parameters. Hand in written analysis (referenced as needed),
labeled color laser copies of historic photographs (that is:
do not hand in 'original' historic photographs) and/or
historical photographs, and prints of contemporary view(s).
Understand the basics of the Harris
Matrix (here, one example of its use) and read or view the
following:
- Repeat
and Casual-Repeat Photography
- Ahlstrom, Richard V.N. 'Casual Repeat Photography: An Illustration
from Hopi Architectural History,' Journal of the Southwest,
Vol.34, Number 2, Summer 1992, pp.166 186. [On reserve
in the RWU Architecture Library.]
- Rogers, Gary F., Harold E. Malde, and Raymond M. Turner.
Bibliography of Repeat Photography for Evaluating Landscape
Changes, Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1984.
10 Graphic: Field Measurements
Undertake field recording of an assigned site as part of a
team; record the floor plan, establish datum points and lines,
prepare field sketches, record measurements (using HABS notation
format and colored pens), provide notes and sheet identification.
Use field drawings as the basis for developing a scaled architectural
drawing of the floor plan.
11 Graphic: Field Recording of Elements
Develop one sheet with drawings of an element (showing plan,
section, and elevation, full-scale detail, title block, and
borderlines). You may use an element from the structure recorded
for assignment 10, or you may select a detail from another structure
or site, contingent upon approval. Hand in all field sketches
and notes, any photographs, and measured architectural drawing.
12 Architectural Drawings
Assignment will be provided in class, based on selection of
project drawings.
13 Field Recording Project
Undertake the following for the assigned site:
- Collectively coordinate all work.
- Photographic documentation of both the exterior and interior
employing a 35 mm camera with color or black & white film,
or digital images.
- Store photographs (and negatives) in archival sheets, or
burn and label a CD of the digital images.
- Provide a field identification list for the roll of film
(images) prepared on site
- Provide proper photographic identification adhered to the
reverse of each image (or printed below)
- Include a signed permission agreement. (To be provided.)
- As a team, research existing historical images of the structure
and use these to document the evolution of the structure.
Include print(s) of the images (photographs, post cards, illustrations)
as part of your documentation. Employ these historical images
in your analysis of the evolution of the structure. Include
this analysis as part of the written architectural description,
detailed below.
- Cite source and credit for all historic/historical illustrations
employed. (You may submit color laser copies in lieu of black
& white prints.)
- Drawings list: Prepare and neatly layout, a list of all
necessary (Proposed: not to be done.) drawings.
- Provide neat, linear field sketches of all interior floor
plans, and detailed drawings as determined by site conditions.
- Locate the orientation of all photographs on field sketches.
- Prepare measured drawings of floor plans, and other drawings
as determined by site conditions.
- Note measurements, using dimension and extension lines,
HABS notation.
- Locate and identify each of your elents (details) as required.
- Prepare field sketches/drawings with measurements of you
individual element (one per team member) with appropriate
sections and plans. For example: one "exterior"
detail (door, window, entrance with elevation of detail "halved"
to include exterior and interior features) and one interior
detail (fireplace, etc.) from an elevation of a room (refer
to elevation below). Note inaccessible areas.
- Reminder: employ appropriate cross references to any interrelated
drawings by employing conventional symbols.
- Written description: Prepare a written architectural description
of the structure. Reference photographs (including historic
images) in this section.
- Include analysis of the historic images.
- Design, layout, sketching/drafting, and presentation of
all elements of this project must be well considered. Review
all aspects your past assignments, class reading, and notes
before beginning this assignment.
- Photographic documentation of both the exterior and
interior employing a 35 mm camera with color or black &
white film, or digital images.
- Store photographs (and negatives) in archival sheets, or
burn and label a CD of the digital images.
- Provide proper identification adhered to the reverse of
each image (or printed below)
- Provide an identification list for the roll of film (images)
prepared on site
- Include a signed permission agreement.
- As a team, research existing historical images of the structure
and use these to document the evolution of the structure.
Include print(s) of the images (photographs, post cards, illustrations)
as part of your documentation. Employ these historical images
in your analysis of the evolution of the structure. Include
this analysis as part of the written architectural description,
detailed below.
- Cite source and credit for all historic/historical illustrations
employed. (You may submit color laser copies in lieu of black
& white prints.)
- Drawings: Prepare and neatly layout, a list of all
necessary (Proposed: not to be done.) drawings.
- Provide neat field sketches of all interior floor plans
and other drawings as determined by site conditions.
- Locate the orientation of all photographs on field sketches.
- Prepare measured drawings of floor plans, and other
drawings as determined by site conditions. Dimension measurements.
Locate and identify details as required.
- Prepare sketches/drawings of several details (at least one
per team member) with appropriate sections and plans. For
example: one "exterior" detail (door, window, entrance with
elevation of detail "halved" to include exterior and interior
features) and one interior detail (fireplace, etc.) from an
elevation of a room (refer to elevation below). Note inaccessible
areas.
- Reminder: employ appropriate cross references to any interrelated
drawings by employing conventional symbols.
- Written description: Prepare a written architectural
description of the structure. Reference photographs (including
historic images) in this section.
- Include analysis of the historic images.
- Design, layout, sketching/drafting, and presentation of
all elements of this project must be well considered. Review
all aspects your past assignments, class reading, and notes
before beginning this assignment.
14 Photographic Documentation of a Structure
Select a historic structure and undertake photographic documentation
of both the exterior and interior employing a 35 mm camera,
using print film: Kodak (or similar) film, which may be sent
to local "one hour" processing labs. Thirty-six exposure rolls
are suggested, you will need no less than ten images. Carefully
consider each view that will be required before taking photographs.
Bracket (take photograph one f-stop greater and less than metered
reading). Get 4" by 6" glossy prints, not 3" by 5" format.
Provide the identification list that you prepare on site
as part of your documentation and recording process. (Do not
re-write them later.) Provide identification on the back of
each photograph, using labels. Provide a signed 'Photograph
Release: Permission Agreement.' Prepare a freehand sketch of
the floor plans, indicating the position and orientation of
each photograph (even those you do not include in your presentation).
For class crit, select ten photographs that best document
the structure and environment. Be prepared to justify the selection
of each view, the composition of each photograph, lighting,
focus, and other variable. Be prepared to reduce your views
to the best six and, eventually, the best single image. Hand
in crit photographs, other photographs not selected, negatives
in archival sheets, identification sheet, permission agreement,
field sketches.
References:
- Ames, David L. "A
Primer on Architectural Photography and the Photo Documentation
of Historic Structures."
- Burns, John A., editor, Recording Historic Structures,
Washington, DC: The American Institute of Architects Press,
1989, Chapter 4: Photography, pp.70-109.
- Dean, Jeff. "Photographing Historic Buildings," Association
for Preservation Technology Bulletin, Vol.XIV, No.4, 1982,
pp.31-46.
- National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior,
National Register for Historic Places Inventory - Nomination
Form, and "How
to Complete the National Register Registration Form,"
page 21-22.
- 'Photographs,' in As
Found Drawings, British Columbia Heritage Trust, 1982,
figure 9.
Provide the following information on each photograph. Otherwise
provide an identification/accession number on each photograph
and contain the information below in the inventory list:
Organization (if applicable)
Structure and Location (address)
Interior: Floor, Room, Elevation, Orientation,
Element/Detail, Scale, Materials (where applicable)
Exterior: Elevation, Orientation, Element/Detail, Scale,
Materials (where applicable)
Date of Photograph: Month/Day/Year
Name of Photographer (Year © Name of Photographer), Company
Reference to accompanying drawings, reports, site conditions
Measurements: scale, color
Numbering, if part of a series
Identification/Accession Number
Note: orientation refers to compass direction of camera to
subject.
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